Meaning and Branches of Horticulture:
The term, horticulture is derived from two latin words i.e. hortus means garden and cloure means cultivation. Horticulture is considered both an art and a science. It is an art because it is rooted in ancient times and involves practices that are basis for our social culture. The design and placement of different horticultural plants in formal garden is an art which give an aesthetic sense. Bonsai culture has been developed which is an art and is admired by thousands of people. The raising of plants in such system and maintaining them properly involve scientific principles and techniques; therefore it is a science too.
Main Branches of Horticulture:
1. Pomology:
It deals with the production, management and care of different fruit crops.
2. Olericulture:
It deals with practice and cultural management required for successful production of vegetable crops and their seeds.
3. Floriculture:
It is another important branch of horticulture in which flowering plants are usually dealt for flower production.
4. Post Harvest Preservation:
It deals with the practice and methos used in prolonging shelf life of flowers, fruits, vegetables, species and plantation crops.
5. Ornamental horticulture:
This branches deals with plants, trees or both that is commercially important for landscaping and avenue plantation. Turf or lawn grasses are also come under this branch. Sometimes it is also called as landscape management.
6. Planatation and spices crops:
This branch deals with high vale crops in horticulture. Tea, coffee, cardamom, ginger etc. come under this group.
Apart from above branches, there are other sub-branches too. Some of the important fields are off-season production, high density planting syste, multi-storied farming, protective cultivation, plant biotechnology.
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